July 13, 2026

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Bollard v. California Province of the Society of Jesus

A ministerial exception to statutory employment requirements protects religious organizations' employment decisions regarding their ministers from government intrusion.

1 min read
Cite This Case
Bollard v. California Province of the Society of Jesus, No. 196 F.3d 940 (1999).
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Bollard v. California Province of the Society of Jesus, No. 196 F.3d 940 (1999). https://religiousliberty.tv/case-library/bollard/
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Bollard v. California Province of the Society of Jesus (No. 196 F.3d 940) [1999] — A ministerial exception to statutory employment requirements protects religious organizations' employment decisions regarding their ministers from government intrusion. Source: ReligiousLiberty.TV (https://religiousliberty.tv/case-library/bollard/, accessed July 13, 2026).
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Official citation: No. 196 F.3d 940  ·  1999
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Citation: 196 F.3d 940 Year: 1999
Church & State Free Exercise Workplace Accommodation
Holding: A ministerial exception to statutory employment requirements protects religious organizations' employment decisions regarding their ministers from government intrusion.
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Bollard v. California Province of the Society of Jesus (196 F.3d 940) is a Church & State case in 1999. The court held that a ministerial exception to statutory employment requirements protects religious organizations' employment decisions regarding their ministers from government intrusion.

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