Bollard v. California Province of the Society of Jesus

Q: What is the citation for California Province of the Society of Jesus?

The official citation for Bollard v. California Province of the Society of Jesus is 196 F.3d 940.

Q: What legal issues are involved in California Province of the Society of Jesus?

Bollard v. California Province of the Society of Jesus involves the following religious liberty issues: Church & State, Free Exercise, Workplace Accommodation.

A ministerial exception to statutory employment requirements protects religious organizations’ employment decisions regarding their ministers from government intrusion.

ReligiousLiberty.TV

February 26, 2026

0 min read

Citation: 196 F.3d 940 Year: 1999

Church & State Free Exercise Workplace Accommodation

Holding: A ministerial exception to statutory employment requirements protects religious organizations' employment decisions regarding their ministers from government intrusion.

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Official Documents

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Coverage on ReligiousLiberty.TV

📎 Document links found in our articles: 📄 opinion

9th Circuit Holds 'Ministerial Exception' Bars Seminarian Employment Case March 21, 2010

Cited as context

Bollard v. California Province of the Society of Jesus (196 F.3d 940) is a Church & State case in 1999. The court held that a ministerial exception to statutory employment requirements protects religious organizations' employment decisions regarding their ministers from government intrusion.

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